Concepts for General Chemistry

Specific types of energies:  definitions and/or examples:

  1. first ionization energy:  Ca(g) → Ca+(g)
  2. second ionization energy:  Ca+(g)  → Ca2+(g)
  3. electron affinity:  Cl(g)  + e- → Cl-(g)
  4. lattice energy:  CaCl2(s) → Ca2+(g)  +  2Cl-(g)
  5. energy of hydration: Ca2+(g)  +  2Cl-(g) → Ca2+(aq)  +  2Cl-(aq)
  6. activation energy: 
  7. enthalpy
  8. bond enthalpy (or bond energy)
  9. heat of fusion  H2O (s) →  H2O (l)
  10. heat of vaporization:  H2O (l) →  H2O (g)

Acids/Bases

Strong Acids:

Weak Acids

Strong Bases

Weak Bases

Redox reactions