You are responsible for the following circulatory system structures: human models, sheep heart dissection, cat dissection. Some vessels are only visible in the models. In addition to identifying these anatomical structures, you should be familiar with their functions (such as the path of blood flow, area of body that is supplied).
The heart: human heart models; pig/cat heart dissection.
|
pericardium |
left atrium |
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superior/inferior vena cavae |
bicuspid (mitral) valve |
|
right atrium |
chordae tendinae |
|
pectinate muscles |
atrioventricular groove |
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tricuspid valve |
papillary muscles |
|
right ventricle |
left ventricle |
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trabeculae carneae |
interventricular sulcus |
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pulmonary semilunar valve |
aortic semilunar valve |
|
pulmonary trunk |
aorta |
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right/left pulmonary arteries |
brachiocephalic artery |
|
pulmonary veins (4) |
left common carotid artery |
|
left subclavian artery |
left coronary artery |
|
right coronary artery |
anterior interventricular artery |
|
circumflex artery |
coronary sinus |
The vessels: human torso models.
1. Arteries
- aortic arch
- brachiocephalic artery- right common carotid- right external carotid artery- facial artery- maxillary artery
- ophthalmic artery
- occipital artery
- superficial temporal artery
- right internal carotid artery
- right subclavian artery
- right vertebral artery- axillary artery
- brachial artery- radial artery- ulnar artery
- deep brachial artery
- left common carotid
- left external carotid artery- facial artery- maxillary artery
- ophthalmic artery
- occipital artery
- superficial temporal artery
- left internal carotid artery (see right side, above)
- left subclavian artery
- left vertebral artery- axillary artery
- brachial artery- radial artery- ulnar artery
- thoracic aorta
- abdominal aorta
- celiac artery (trunk)- superior mesenteric artery
- right and left renal arteries
- inferior mesenteric artery
- right/left common iliac arteries
- right/left internal iliac arteries- right/left external iliac arteries
- right/left deep femoral arteries
- right/left femoral arteries- right/left popliteal arteries
- right/left anterior tibial arteries
- right/left posterior tibial arteries
2. Veins
a. from head and neck:
- right/left ophthalmic, superficial right/left temporal, right/left facial veins empty into right/left internal jugular vein
- right/left internal jugular empty into right/left subclavian veins
- right/left occipital vein empty into right/left external jugular vein
- right left external jugular empty into right/left brachiocephalic veins
- right/left vertebral veins empty into right/left brachiocephalic veins
- thus on both right and left sides, subclavian, external jugular, vertebral, and internal jugular veins give rise to brachiocephalic veins
- the two brachiocephalics unite to form the superior vena cava
b. from upper limbs:
- ulnar and radial veins of forearm empty into brachial vein
- medial cubital vein connects cephalic vein and basilic vein on anterior aspect of elbow
- brachial vein and basilic vein give rise to axillary vein
- cephalic vein and axillary vein fuse into subclavian vein, empties into brachiocephalic as described above.
c. from lower limbs:
- anterior and posterior tibial veins unite at knee to form popliteal vein
- popliteal vein at knee becomes femoral vein
- great saphenous vein empties into femoral vein
- as it enters pelvis the femoral vein becomes external iliac vein which unites with internal iliac vein to form common iliac vein
- right/left common iliac veins unite to form inferior vena cava
d. from abdomen:
- renal veins, gonadal veins and hepatic veins empty into inferior vena cava
- note hepatic portal vein (from GI tract organs to liver)