Bryophytes

Outline

Kingdom Plantae (embryophytes)

Characteristics shared by all members of Plantae have:

Kinds of embryophytes

  • Bryophytes (nonvascular plants)
  • Hepatophyta -- liverworts or "hepatics"
  • Anthocerophyta -- hornworts
  • Bryophyta -- mosses
  • Tracheophytes (vascular plants)
    • ferns
    • conifers
    • flowering plants, etc.

The move to land

Changes in life cycle

diplohaplontic and oogamous

sex and dispersal

  • gametes produced in a gametangium surrounded by sterile cells
    • sperm produced in an antheridium
    • eggs produced in an archegonium
  • spores produced in a sporangium surrounded by sterile cells
  • sporophyte embryo develops inside archegonium of the gametophyte

Water issues:

cuticle

stomata

fungal mutualists

A note on the various uses of cell walls in freshwater and terrestrial environments...

  Hepatophyta

introduction

gametophyte

leafy

thalloid

sporophyte

morphology

spore dispersal via elaters

asexual reproduction via gemmae

ecology

Anthocerophyta

introduction

gametophyte

morphology

sporophyte

morphology and growth

spore dispersal via pseudoelaters

Bryophyta

introduction

gametophyte

general morphology

leaves unlobed, often with central midribs

sporophyte

general morphology

diversity

Andreaeidae -- "granite mosses"

ecology

sporangium morphology

Sphagnidae -- "peat mosses"

gametophyte

sporophyte

ecology -- peat and bogs

economic uses -- peat moss

Bryidae -- "true mosses"

gametophyte

"cushiony" vs. "feathery"

protonemata with bulbils

gametangia associated with paraphyses

sporophyte

morphology of capsule

peristome

leptoids and hydroids -- primitive conducting cells

Vocabulary

click here to go to Bryophyte vocabulary


on to the next topic -- seedless vascular plants!

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