Biochemistry Online: An Approach Based on Chemical Logic

Biochemistry Online

CHAPTER 5 - BINDING

F:   IMMUNE SYSTEM RECOGNITION

BIOCHEMISTRY - DR. JAKUBOWSKI

Last Updated: 03/14/13

Learning Goals/Objectives for Chapter 5E:  After class and this reading, students will be able to

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F4.  Cytokines and Activation of Immune Cells

There are a large number of different cytokines that are released from immune cells.  Some examples and their activities are shown in the diagram below and described in the text that follows.  They are

Cytokines released from cells such as macrophages in the innate IS:

Tumor Necrosis Factor: TNF - from activated macrophages and dendritic cells.  Main mediator of acute inflammation.  Induces fever and sleep by acting on sites in the brain.  Promote scar formation (excessive wound healing).  Too much can cause shock.   Acts on

IL-1  - has similar properties as TNF IL-12  -

Interferon a, b, w : Are produced by virally-infected cells.

Cytokines released after antigen activation of T cells in the adaptive immune system:

IL-2 - Produced by T helper cells (CD4)

Interferon-gamma (INF-g)  - is also produced by activated T cells

Chemokines

Chemokines are chemotactic cytokines, or protein that recruit other cells towards the site of release.  Some examples are listed below:

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